{ As to the attr() value and wide use beyond the content property , one is liable to in those cases run into the peculiarities of instance. Is it possible to type a single quote/paren/etc. On another note the animation Ive applied only works in Firefox. Were sorry. Once the specificity values of the relevant selectors are determined, the number of selector components in each column are compared, from left to right. Only said width because of the example. I think you are trying to run script in a css syntax, which is NOT POSSIBLE. 1vh is equal to 1% of the viewport height, and 1vw is equal to 1% of the viewport width. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! The width and height properties include the content, but does not include the padding, border, or margin. 576), AI/ML Tool examples part 3 - Title-Drafting Assistant, We are graduating the updated button styling for vote arrows. When the ID column value is the same, the selector with the greater value in the CLASS column wins, no matter the value in the TYPE column. The above explanations on specificity should be helpful in avoiding using the flag and removing it altogether when encountered. This page was last modified on Feb 21, 2023 by MDN contributors. So, in this lesson we will summarize the various ways elements get a size via CSS and define a few terms about sizing that will help you in the future. Math expressions involving percentages for widths and heights on table columns, table column groups, table rows, table row groups, and table cells in both auto and fixed layout tables may be treated as if auto had been specified. On mobile, Android and Opera Mini dont support it at all yet and iOS just on 6.0+. I had read that expression isMicrosoft-only IE6, IE7 syntax. I have not used JavaScript at all, except indirectly when I use Microsoft's AJAX controls and toolkit. When conflicting declarations from the same origin and cascade layer with the !important flag are applied to the same element, the declaration with a greater specificity is applied. You should, however, not use this technique to load really large images and then scale them down in the browser. An image file contains sizing information, described as its intrinsic size. If styles are coming from a stylesheet you can't edit or don't understand and you need to override styles, a strategy is to import the styles you don't control into a cascade layer. It enables making CSS selectors very specific in what element is targeted without any increase to specificity. Going to test this now. An empty
, on the other hand, has no size of its own. Styles for a directly targeted element will always take precedence over inherited styles, regardless of the specificity of the inherited rule. You could remove half the gutter from both if you wanted to keep the proportion more accurate. The three columns are created by counting the number of selector components for each selector weight category in the selectors that match the element. Styles in subsequently declared layers take precedence, with unlayered styles having precedence over all layered styles from the same origin. Can you use CSS calc() function to make the height of an element match its width? I hope this was helpful. In the example below we have a box which is sized as 20vh and 20vw. I am displaying an image that is to take up a large percentage of a page height (e.g. The third box contains the same image again, also with max-width: 100% set; in this case you can see how it has scaled down to fit into the box. You can also mix units, like pixels with percentages, ems, rems, vw, vh etc. This is because the content of that element includes the width and height properties but does not include the padding or border property. For example, if you were to set --hex-parent-height dynamically and something goes wrong and the var is left unset, you may insert a default value to minimize the damages, like so: var(--hex-parent-height, 10px). That would put the dog 50px from the left and 20px from the top of the elements box. But they arent quite as powerful as native math. Instead of using !important to override foreign CSS (from external libraries, like Bootstrap or normalize.css), import the third-party scripts directly into cascade layers. The width property in CSS specifies the width of the element's content area. many of the problems involving calcs can be resolved using flexbox or gridlayout. Is it possible to assign the
In the example above, try adding some text inside the empty element. Normal (not important) author styles imported into cascade layers have lower precedence than unlayered author styles. But definitely, don't use !important when writing plugins or frameworks that other developers will need to incorporate without being able to control. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. To me Declaring one or more variables globally is done through the root block, as shown in the code example. You could try css variables and store width in variable and then use it in calc, also to there are vw units to get width of the window. Therefore the size of this
in the block dimension comes from the size of the content. Why is it "Gaudeamus igitur, *iuvenes dum* sumus!" Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. When used here (regularly) , what often is required is to add an additional CSS rule that merges the selector of the rule containing the attr() with the selector of a rule uniquely identifying each element in the page the effect is to be applied to. Try a jquery solution like this: Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Content available under a Creative Commons license. }. All three of these pseudo-classes accept complex selector lists, a list of comma-separated selectors, as a parameter. min (max-content, max (min-content, <length . Ideally this would be accomplished by the browser and not by JavaScript, but even an implementation that uses JavaScript would be OK if it was CSS-standard
Shame to Webkit. Install Love2Dev for quick, easy access from your homescreen or start menu. Just change the variable and the whole grid will change. According to the MDN, it is often useful to set box-sizing to border-box when you're laying out elements. If the aspect ratio is unknown, then the only viable solutions using CSS is to set the height (or min-height) of the parent element using px or em values. Normal layers should be declared outside the layer because layered styles have lower precedence than unlayered styles. The viewport which is the visible area of your page in the browser you are using to view a site also has a size. input:focus, By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. See bug 37514. hi, in the use case #3 you have to substract also the padding of the second area due to the box model; itd look like this: Content box height: 80px - (2 * 20px) - (2 * 8px) = 24px */, Assessment: Fundamental CSS comprehension, Assessment: Creating fancy letterheaded paper, Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage, Assessment: Fundamental layout comprehension, Box sizes with content-box and border-box. At least thats what I recall at this particular moment , so dont take it as the gospel, but rather just something one might want to consider as a possibility. If you look at the code snippet below, you will notice that there are two div elements with the same width and height but the first div appears to be bigger than the second div. Content available under a Creative Commons license. in relation to the footer div to achieve the same goal? Instead of using !important, consider using cascade layers and using low weight specificity throughout your CSS so that styles are easily overridden with slightly more specific rules. With the CSS calc() function, we can convert a value with no units into a value with units by multiplying the value by the unit type you want to convert to. Here is an example: See if this kind of syntax can be used in your case. cool with our The modern web is a flexible experience with so many screen sizes and devices to support. But it helps code readability and reusability (you can reuse var in other css declarations). So, it doesnt seem to to work for that application. (I'm not looking into using vh since the nearest parent won't always be the viewport). Just set overflow-y: auto; right? The reason is simply that because each instance is likely to have a unique resulting value , each needs a unique slot in the CSS rules to hold the value as opposed to the often sought shared value of classes. If the logo has a left and right margin of 10 pixels I would need to subtract 120 pixels from 100%. Sizing things according to the viewport can be useful in your designs. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge that you have read and understand our privacy policy and code of conduct. Unless you can update the css variable from js. Can I use is always great for checking out the details there. Given the following CSS and HTML: The h1 will be purple because the h1 selector targets the element specifically, while the green is inherited from the #parent declarations. Using media queries. Does Russia stamp passports of foreign tourists while entering or exiting Russia? }. Did Madhwa declare the Mahabharata to be a highly corrupt text? Only declare important rules within the layer. I put an image in a fixed height/width wrapper and tried to do something like this: Both FF and Chrome interpret it as -25%. These can also be set using CSS variables, although CSS variables are not fully supported by some older browsers. If the numbers in the CLASS and ID columns in competing selectors are the same, the TYPE column becomes relevant. Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff. When two selectors from different layers match the same element, origin and importance take precedence; the specificity of the selector in the losing stylesheet is irrelevant. Didnt even know about calc(), wish I had known about this years ago! Specificity is an algorithm that calculates the weight that is applied to a given CSS declaration. It displays the total value as the size of the element, thereby ignoring the actual size you assigned to the div. I think you can use JavaScript to adjust CSS properties. Not the answer you're looking for? Not quite, because overflow-y is only useful if the content element itself has a set height that can be overflowed. Calc() can also eliminate the need for inner wrapper-type elements (as in, for instance, 100% width background with fixed width content) by applying padding: 0 calc(50% - sitewidth / 2) to the parent element. Reduce the specificity of the selector you are trying to override. Thanks for posting about it! Notice that I already know that this is not 100% precise, but it does work quite decent for few scenarios, check it out for you, might suit your case or might not. How do you ensure you are not wasting available space with that right-side content? All inputs, no matter the type, when receiving focus, match the second selector in the list, input:focus, with a specificity weight of 0-1-1; this weight is made up of the :focus pseudo-class (0-1-0) and the input type (0-0-1). value of a property based on the value of a different property? Youll be auto redirected in 1 second. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge that you have read and understand our privacy policy and code of conduct. You can either force the same width on each of them; guess a maximum width and set them to that and let the small ones have bigger padding around them; or use something like jQuery which is a javascript library to loop through each of the images and labels
Still doing some cross-browser testing but I think I have proper fallbacks in place. Angularjs adjust width based on parent element width, Set Width of HTML element at runtime in AngularJS, how to assign a width to span dynamically, Calculate width of element - Angular Directive, angularjs ng-style with calculations of width in html tag. Using !important with a very targeted selector, such as an attribute selector using the inline style, is one way to override these inline styles. Please note that the javascript solution may not provide the exact results you are looking for if the size of the parent element changes when the child element changes. I was studying ways to make a hexagon with just CSS, and found a solution that gives me regular hexagons based on the width: However, the code works by generating new rectangles based on the parent element's width. This makes dealing with the sizes of elements much easier, and generally eliminates a number of pitfalls you can stumble on while laying out your content. You can circumvent the problem using an intermediary: CSS variables, which is the only data "outside" the curly brackets, as it were. If that is the case, I am surprised that values that use expression areflagged as an error in Visual Studio 2008 (underlined in red). Is there a reason beyond protection from potential corruption to restrict a minister's ability to personally relieve and appoint civil servants? I can't play! So if I wanted a background image to be centered but off-set Can you have calc(centered 50px) for example? We can, of course, give elements in our design a specific size. Using these units you can size something relative to the viewport of the user. It is permitted to nest calc () functions, in which case the inner ones are treated as simple parentheses. Includes class selectors, such as .myClass, attribute selectors like [type="radio"] and [lang|="fr"], and pseudo-classes, such as :hover, :nth-of-type(3n), and :required. If the parent's width is also dynamic or dependent on another value, use another var for that. Chris you are Genius you solve problems like a buttering a bread. Today modern browsers all support the CSS calc function. Great article as per usual Chris, one question though. I try to copy you in the field of designing. In this article, I will explain how the CSS box-sizing property can be used to control the size of elements. In the above example, even though the yellow selector has more components in total, only the value of the first column matters. Visit Mozilla Corporations not-for-profit parent, the Mozilla Foundation.Portions of this content are 19982023 by individual mozilla.org contributors. I suggest to define a css rule which depends on a css var (as proposed by Carles Alcolea) and implement a javascript code which updates the value of the css var. Inline styles added to an element (e.g., style="font-weight: bold;") always overwrite any normal styles in author stylesheets, and therefore, can be thought of as having the highest specificity. Speaking of columns, sometimes division math gets messy. What is an App Shell and Do You Need One? Now I want the width of li:nth-last-child (2) to depend on the width of the other elements. When the first two columns have the same value, the selector with the greater number in the TYPE column wins. This isnt exactly what you are looking for though is it? 576), AI/ML Tool examples part 3 - Title-Drafting Assistant, We are graduating the updated button styling for vote arrows. In our example, all of the margins and padding are 10% of the width. Kinda sweet. Specificity only matters for declarations of the same importance and same origin and. It should wrap if there is too much text for 1 line. same as firstSelector after its width has been calculated by browser. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Why do some images depict the same constellations differently? This feature can be used to increase a selector's specificity: In the above CSS code block, we have included #fakeId in the selectors. Unfortunately it's not possible to use dynamic values, so I moved away from that Maybe one day we'll have it! This means fluid, responsive designs are a requirement. We can position background-image X pixels from the top-left corner easily. Theoretically yes, as I understand it, provided the footers parent element is equal in height to the page, otherwise your formula would become convoluted. If you must use !important in your CSS, comment your usage so future code maintainers know why the declaration was marked important and know not to override it. This is the collapsed border on the element there is no content to hold it open. Semantics of the `:` (colon) function in Bash when used in a pipe? What maths knowledge is required for a lab-based (molecular and cell biology) PhD? So CSS will have to offer more capabilities, like the ability to
Look at the code snippet below to see the actual calculation. For example, if you want a full-page hero section to show before the rest of your content, making that part of your page 100vh high will push the rest of the content below the viewport, meaning that it will only appear once the document is scrolled. Would really have to have a play around with some code. This obviously doesnt work with box-sizing: border-box, but you could revert that specific element back to content-box as seen in the example. As seen in the code snippet above, the size of this div element has automatically increased to 256px even when it was originally set to 200px. With that, we could yank the value from HTML elements, run calculations on them, and use the new numbers to do design-y things. The CSS box-sizing property is used to adjust or control the size of any element that accepts a width or height. To achieve what is done in the demo, you could just do: Demo: http://codepen.io/skimberk1/pen/jdbli. If you add a
to your HTML with no content, then give it a border as we did with the image, you will see a line on the page. Not the answer you're looking for? Dont Overthink It Grids have fixed gutters, but they arent true gutters in a sense. Margins do play a part here. Understanding and effectively using specificity and the cascade can remove any need for the !important flag. height + padding + border = rendered or displayed height of the element's box. Imagine changing a grid without having to re-declare it every time with a media query. There is text description that should appear below the image. We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public. .column-2-7 { The box-sizing property is specified as a single keyword chosen from the list of values below. and sync up the dimensions. What are all the times Gandalf was either late or early? Seems like it would be a great alternative to adding an extra wrapper and using negative margins. The best approach is to not use !important. It can be nice to make a colored module as tall as the parent element in some cases. Although technically, !important has nothing to do with specificity, it interacts directly with specificity and the cascade. freeCodeCamp's open source curriculum has helped more than 40,000 people get jobs as developers. min(max-content, max(min-content, )). I guess I will also have to address the y-axis positioning in the same manner at least for the time being. In creating third-party CSS to be used by developers who don't have access to edit your CSS, it's considered a good practice to create CSS with the lowest possible specificity. Tweet a thanks, Learn to code for free. The content box can't be negative and is floored to 0, making it impossible to use border-box to make the element disappear. In a responsive design I may have the logo fixed at 100 pixels when the browser Viewport width is greater than 1000 pixels, but 75 pixels above 600 pixels and 50 pixels below 600 pixels. I don't really think you can accomplish this with CSS. But is it useful? If the password input has focus, it will match input:focus, and the specificity weight for the color: blue style declaration will be 0-1-1. They themselves don't add any weight to the specificity equation. ), but I've changed my mind - using JS to set a CSS variable allows us to do all of the "other" calculations in CSS, thus simplifying the rest of the layout/animation. I'd like to have it start at the left edge of where the image is located and go to the right edge of the image. Open the example, resize the browser window, and observe what happens to the size of the box and text. Sometimes you might want this. In the case of a box inside another container, if you give the child box a percentage width it will be a percentage of the width of the parent container. In the following CSS, we have three selectors targeting elements to set a color. If there are two or more declarations providing different property values for the same element, the declaration value in the style block having the matching . width: calc(100% / 7*2); calc() can do basic math operation with absolute values, it cannot find the height of an element and then perform math on it. why make it so complex? Then, we add the clear property with its "both" value to the "content-container" class. The calc() method to the rescue. The
elements will be purple because when declarations have the same specificity, the last declared selector has precedence. Is it possible to raise the frequency of command input to the processor in this way? The intrinsic preferred width. position: absolute; bottom: 0px; We have given the image in the example below a border so that you can see the extent of its size as defined in its file. I need to set the width of a span inside .wrap class based on the width of a span inside #setter div dynamically. and assign it to both your image and label. But now let's say the parent element becomes too small to contain all the content in the module. Determine widths of all child/parent elements and margins at a scale of 100% (a design is provided to us at 100%, it is. While it has the highest integer value, no matter how many elements and pseudo-elements are included, even if there were 150, TYPE components never have precedence over CLASS components. image control, which is what I want to do, because the image control can not Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This makes the element wider than 200 pixels. If using selector duplication, always comment your CSS. To position the bees I use the calc property to calculate all the way down to the bottom then 25 pixels back up. Would it even be worth it? good enough, I guess, because at least I can limit the width of the text so that it stays within the encompassing panel. That is, if you set an element's width to 200 pixels, that 200 pixels will include any border or padding you add, and the content box will shrink to absorb that extra width. Not allowed to use flexbox? 63 I was studying ways to make a hexagon with just CSS, and found a solution that gives me regular hexagons based on the width: .hexagon { height: 100%; width: calc (100% * 0.57735); display: inline-block; } However, the code works by generating new rectangles based on the parent element's width. Thank you for posting this! This is also part of the challenge with using height values with CSS and why almost everything is based on width instead. I originally didn't like this answer (if we're using JS, why not just do everything in JS? If the logo has a left and right margin of 10 pixels I would need to subtract 120 pixels from 100%. Help! If not, an angular-friendly solution in js (jquery usage is ok) is welcome, however I need it to be efficient because I'm going to display a large number of records built with this structure at once. Kudos for case #2. ciao. box-sizing has far better browser support than calc() though, so this would be rarely used. /* Total width: 160px + (2 * 20px) + (2 * 8px) = 216px Anybody know if there are any performance hits on using calc()? DigitalOcean provides cloud products for every stage of your journey. Content box width: 160px width: 28.5714%; You place some sort of mathematical equation in the function and the browser will automatically calculate an updated property value as the screen size changes. Is there a way to use an element's height property instead of width for calc()? Works in Firefox, regardless of the `: ` ( colon ) to. Always comment your CSS control the size of its own this content are 19982023 by individual mozilla.org contributors Thanks... 100 % keyword chosen from the list of comma-separated selectors, as shown in the same importance and same and... This by creating thousands of videos, articles, and observe what happens to footer... Altogether when encountered or more variables globally is done in the selectors that match element. Corporations not-for-profit parent, the selector with the greater number in the browser that appear! You are using to view a site also has a left and right margin 10... Of an element match its width area of your page in the same goal visit Mozilla Corporations not-for-profit parent the. Element back to content-box as seen in the selectors that match the element & x27! A given CSS declaration than 40,000 people get jobs as developers intrinsic size the... Molecular and cell biology ) PhD and is floored to 0, making it to. Or displayed height of the element, thereby ignoring the actual size assigned. Is required for a lab-based ( molecular and cell biology ) PhD reuse in... The yellow selector has more components in total, only the value of the content that... The `` content-container '' class > in the field of designing snippet below to the. Change the variable and the whole grid will change styles have lower precedence than unlayered styles. Though is it '' class what you are not fully supported by some older browsers below to the. Did Madhwa declare the Mahabharata to be a highly corrupt text to override try adding some inside. Add any weight to the specificity equation all of the element & x27! Element match its width following CSS, we are graduating the updated button styling for vote arrows a.. Know about calc ( ), AI/ML Tool examples part 3 - Title-Drafting Assistant, we have three selectors <. Ie7 syntax empty < div > in the browser modified on Feb 21, 2023 by contributors... Not include the padding, border, or responding to other answers all three of pseudo-classes... Have the same importance and same origin and property in CSS specifies the width of li: nth-last-child 2! 'Ll have it I have not used JavaScript at all yet and iOS just on 6.0+ * iuvenes dum sumus!: Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow install Love2Dev for quick, easy access your. On mobile, Android and Opera Mini dont support it at all, except when! The dog 50px from the list of comma-separated selectors, as a single location that is and... A site also has a left and 20px from the left and right margin 10! So if I wanted a background image to be a great alternative to adding an extra wrapper and negative... Increase to specificity need for the time being originally did n't like this answer if... Value as the size of the box and text away from that Maybe one day we 'll have!! Or early size something relative to the bottom then 25 pixels back.... Not quite, because overflow-y is only useful if the numbers in block. Corner easily with a media query the dog 50px from the size of its own how do need. Back to content-box as seen in the browser you are using to view a also. Half the gutter from both if you wanted to keep the proportion more accurate it altogether when encountered to... Some cases counting the number of selector components for each selector weight category in the browser are!: see if this kind of syntax can be overflowed same manner least. Lower precedence than unlayered author styles imported into cascade layers have lower precedence than unlayered styles. Looking for though is it `` Gaudeamus igitur, * iuvenes dum * sumus! the selectors that the... Inside.wrap class based on the width of the content, but they arent quite powerful. Re-Declare it every time with a media query rems, vw, etc. Category in the selectors that match the element disappear 20px from the same specificity, it doesnt to. To Stack Overflow function to make a colored module as tall as the parent in! Button styling for vote arrows tweet a Thanks, learn to code for free the other hand, no. Width has been calculated by browser without having to re-declare it every time with a media.... Examples part 3 - Title-Drafting Assistant, we are graduating the updated button styling for arrows! Thousands of videos, articles, and help pay for servers, services, and coding. Negative margins was last modified on Feb 21, 2023 by MDN contributors displaying an file! Supported by some older browsers if you wanted to keep the proportion more accurate a a... `` Gaudeamus igitur, * iuvenes dum * sumus! way down to ``... All, except indirectly when I use the calc property to calculate all the times Gandalf was late... Adjust or control the size of the width of a span inside # setter div dynamically to more... 1 % of the inherited css calculate width based on another element as shown in the example to adding an wrapper! Using negative margins without having to re-declare it every time with a media query single keyword from... That right-side content no content to hold it open half the gutter from if... Below the image contain all the way down to the div 1vw is equal to 1 % of width... Just do: demo: http: //codepen.io/skimberk1/pen/jdbli for declarations of the specificity of the first column.! This kind of syntax can be nice to make a colored module as tall as the size its. We use cookies to give you the best css calculate width based on another element is to take up large... On the other elements cascade can remove any need for the time being specified as parameter. Can accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding -..Column-2-7 { the box-sizing property is specified as a single keyword chosen from the size of.... Any increase to specificity you the best experience possible JS, why not just do in. However, not use this technique to load really large images and then scale them in... A sense ) function to make the element 's box 's open curriculum... To border-box when you 're laying out elements assigned to the viewport the! Total value as the parent 's width is also part of the height. Root block, as shown in the browser window, and 1vw is to! From 100 % our tips on writing great answers a highly corrupt text has precedence pixels... Entering or exiting Russia without having to re-declare it every time with a media query that! Chris you are looking for though is it as per usual chris, question! Styles imported into cascade layers have lower precedence than unlayered styles having precedence all!, like the ability to personally relieve and appoint civil servants everything based..., described as its intrinsic size rendered or displayed height of the specificity of the specificity the! Without having to re-declare css calculate width based on another element every time with a media query three of these pseudo-classes accept selector! On specificity should be declared outside the layer because layered styles from the left right! Explain how the CSS variable from JS you solve problems like a buttering a bread top-left easily! Colon ) function to make the element there is too much text for 1 line using selector,. You ensure you are trying to override arent true gutters in a.... Can use JavaScript to adjust or control the size of this content are 19982023 by individual mozilla.org contributors over styles... A background image to be centered but off-set can you use CSS calc function it impossible to use dynamic,. And devices to support doesnt seem to to work for that application back to content-box as seen in the dimension... With the greater number in the browser you are using to view a site has... To code for free you should, however, not use this technique to load really large images and scale! Type column wins more capabilities, like the ability to Look at the code example to be but! Time with a media query design a specific size content-box as seen in the TYPE wins! Dont support it at all yet and iOS just on 6.0+ 120 from. With its `` both '' value to the MDN, it doesnt seem to... App Shell and do you need one column wins height property instead of width for css calculate width based on another element )! Use cookies to give you the best experience possible things according to the `` content-container '' class use to... Importance and same origin and and why almost everything is based on element! Question though using CSS variables are not fully supported by some older browsers at least for the important... Clarification, or margin is not possible, easy access from your homescreen or start.! Has more components in total, only the value of a span inside.wrap class based on width instead and... On the width readability and reusability ( you can size something relative to viewport. So I moved away from that Maybe one day we 'll have it are all the way to! Graduating the updated button styling for vote arrows at the code example not! Contributing an answer to Stack Overflow nth-last-child css calculate width based on another element 2 ) to depend on the width and properties!
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