), Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) According to this concept all the four elements contribute to the formation of things nature. Unani medicine is a branch of alternative medicine, which attempts to discover the best possible ways by which an individual can lead a completely healthy life without any illness or sickness. In the AYUSH acronym, Unani represents the ‘U’ and ostensibly, an equal branch of the AYUSH systems. In fact both are relative terms . Humours: (Akhlāt) The form taken up by elements in living things. Under his guidance, well-trained Unani physicians and therapists serve the patients to treat various acute and chronic disease with applying all the therapeutic tools in the Unani medicine. According to practitioners of Unani medicine, the health of the human body is maintained by the harmonious process of AL-UMOOR AL-TABIYAH, the seven basic physiological fundamental truth of the Unani teaching. Among the early Greeks, temples of healing to Aesculapius and his children Hygeia and Panacea date back to 1000 BC (Guthrie 1920). He was also the author of several treatise, one of them Fasoole Buqrat is available for ready reference. Unani is an Arabic word which means Greek. Elements (Arkan) or (Anasir) are simple indivisible matters which provide the basic components for the human body and others. medicine of their day with their own contributions. 1Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Allama Iqbal Unani Medical College (AIUMC), Muzaffarnagar, UP, India 2Kulliyat (Basic Science), National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM), Kottigepalya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Generally two non antagonistic properties are combined together to express the mizaj of a thing. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. However this system later extensively developed by Arab physicians. Unani System of Medicine in India. Unani medicine is one of the oldest medicine in the world.It is still practiced in all parts of the world but mostly is it practiced in India. Following his footsteps we established the Unani Herbal. Unani system of medicine owes its origin to Greece thanks to Hippocrates. Medicina unani hospital is a famous alternative care hospital in south India young renowned Unani physician Dr. Abdul Vahab is the chief consultant of the hospital. The basic theory of the Unani medicine is based on the concept that perfect balance between the Elements (Arkan), Humors (Akhlat) and Temperament (Mizaj) is necessary for good health. Elements (Arkan) or (Anasir) are simple indivisible matters which provide the basic components for the human body and others. Unani principles are so close to that of Ayurveda’s. They attributed binary qualities to each of the anasir to express their mizaj and properties, These are as follows. The relationship, according to Aristotle between the qualities of the Elements, and the Humours. The exponents of three element theory propounded that all the matters exist in three states i.e. Unani is a form of medicine that traces its roots to Greece in the days of Hippocrates, between 460 and 377 BC. However, AYUSH heavily promotes other branches such as Ayurveda, Yoga, Homeopathy or Siddha, more than Unani. Home; About Us; Treatment. The properties of an Unsur (element), according to Tibb are described in terms of their mizaj (temperament) which is expressed in terms of four kayfiyat (qualities ) i.e. The human body is also made up of these four fundamental elements. Therefore, the surat nauiyah of an unsur (elements) is nothing but its atomic structure that depends upon the atomic number No two elements (anasir) carry the same . It was introduced in this country by the Persians and Arabs around the eleventh century. These Arkan came together to form Aza-e-mufridah (simple members) through tabakh and tabakh Unani system of medicine is a synthesis of Greek & Arab systems. The organelles are combined to form cells , the cell form tissues, the tissues form organs, and organs form organism. In fact the above elements are four states of matter where hawa (air ) stands for gaseous elements, ma stands for liquid elements, ardh for solid elements and nar for the matter which has been transformed into heat energy, whose ultimate source is the Sun whose energy is transformed into all kinds of energy in the universe. Unani medicine. As four simple, indivisible entities—arz (earth), maa (water), nar (fire), and hawa (air)—arkan not only constitutes the primary components of the human body but also makes up all other creations in the universe. He devoted his entire life in flourishing this system. Arkan (Elements) Avicenna, one of the greatest scholars of Unani Tibb (medicine), has defined it as: Tibb is the science of which we learn the various states of body, in health and when not in health, and the means by which health is likely to be lost and, when lost, is likely to be restored. We use Unani Herbal medicines mostly in our preparations. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (India), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. The various substances (compounds) in nature depend on their imtizaj (chemical combinations) for their existence. Unani medicine focuses on the four humors of the human body. According to practitioners of Unani medicine, the health of the human body is maintained by the harmonious arrangement of al-umoor al-tabiyah, the seven basic physiological principles of the Unani doctrine. Unani medicine is ancient Greek medicine that has evolved within the Muslim world for the past 13 centuries. Skip to content. Unani Medicines got enriched by imbibing what was best in the contemporary systems of traditional medicines in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Persia, India, China and other Middle East countries. Today, India is one of the leading countries in so for as the practice of Unani medicine is concerned. Like wise, surat nauiyah of a compound depends upon the molecular structure of that compound. There are predictable consequences to the…. They were of the opinion that there was only one element which transformed into other elements after taghayur and istihalah.. Then ,there were two and three element theories. The system involved four elements, thus differing from the Ayurvedic system of three doshas and the … These two terms are also relative to each other .How ever, if there is not a single molecule of water present in a compound it is said absolutely dry. However, the origin of Greek medicine is attributed to Ionian philosophers and to Hippocrates in particular. These principles include: (1) arkan, or elements, (2) mizaj, or temperament, (3) akhlat, or bodily humours, (4) aaza, or organs and systems, In Unani system of medicine, human body is based on seven natural principles, known as “Umure Tabiya”.These are the very factors responsible for the existence of the human body and are considered responsible for the maintenance of health. Lustre Press, 1998. MENU MENU. Unani: the science of Graeco-Arabic medicine, by Jamil Ahmad, Hakim Ashhar Qadeer. In this book he has clearly … 7.1 Origin of the Unani System of Medicine. Some of the ancient philosophers like Thales (640-546 B.C), Anaximines (611-544B.C) Heraklitus (540-475 B.C) and Phrekides (6th cent.B.C) maintained that there was only one element present, they regarded water, air, fire and earth as the principal ingredients of all things in the universe. These principles include: – ARKAN, or Elements; MIZAJ, or Temperament or Personality; AKHLAT, or Bodily Humours; AAZA, or Organs and Systems Practiced mostly by Muslims, Unani practitioners are found in all parts of India, and a large number of them in Kerala. Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, draws on the ancient traditional systems of medicine in China, Egypt, India, Iraq, Persia and Syria. In Unani medicine: Arkan and mizaj: elements and temperament. They can't be further resolved into simpler entitles. As four simple, indivisible entities—arz (earth), maa (water), nar (fire), and hawa (air)—arkan not only constitutes the primary components of the human body but also makes up all other creations in the universe. The Unani System has an impressive and encouraging record in India. The above statement regarding the elements by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) shows that there is hardly any difference between ancient and modern concept of elements. In Unani Tibb,Umoor-e-Tabaiyah begins with the elements as it is the basic constituent of the human body. of India, 1987. Unani medicine focuses on the four humors of the human body (blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm) and the cause of diseases is caused by the inequality of all the four humors. Arkan or Anasir (Elements) Mizaj (temperament) Akhlat (Humours) A’za (Organs) Quwa (Powers) Arwah (Spirit) Af’al (Functions) From the study of above umur-tabi’yah it will be seen that the method of study in Tibb are far superior to those of the methods adopted in the modern physiology. "Unani" was derived from the word "Ionian" which indicates its origin to Greece. The Arabs are the one who pioneered the Unani system in India. Through this health care we prove that when united the two systems can do wonders in the world of medicine. They either fell out of balance, which might yield diseases (depending on circumstances), or were restored to balance to heal diseases. The documentary evidences of Unani medicine date back to 460 B.C. In India, Unani system flourished due to wide acceptance by the public. Standardisation of single drugs of Unani medicine. According to practitioners of Unani medicine, the health of the human body is maintained by the harmonious arrangement of al-umoor al-tabiyah, the seven basic physiological principles of the Unani doctrine. The Unani system was first developed in Greece in the ancient time. Galen (130-200 B.C. Today, India is one of the leading countries in so for as the practice of Unani medicine is concerned. The exponents of this theory contended that fire, air, water and earth were four primary elements . Hakim Ibn Sina (recognized as Avicenna in the west) established Unani medicine … India, today, is one of the leading countries having the largest number of Unani educational, healthcare and research institutions. Unani (also spelt Unaani), the system of medicine originated in Greece and flourished in Asia, especially India bears similarities with Ayurveda. Therefore , cold is a negative quality. With the fall of the Roman empire came the decline in unani medicine. The views regarding the number and properties of elements (Anair) have also been different. The great Hippocrate was the first formal physician of Unani medicine who practiced and taught it. Macromolecules are combined with smaller molecules to form cell organelles i.e.cell membrane, mito chondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. Unani medicine: Arkan and mizaj: elements and temperament. Unani Herbal took its birth in the heart of Delhi at New Friends Colony in the year 2005 by Dr. Aslam Javed. A physician takes into account all these factors before diagnosing and prescribing treatment. Cosmetic Surgery; Orthopedics Surgery; Neuro and Spine Surgery; Cardiology ; Ophthalmology; Dentistry; … It was the ancient rulers in the north India who provided patronage to the experts of Unani System and enrolled some scholars as court physicians to help t… Unani medicine is based on the Greece philosophy. The ministry of AYUSH observed the ‘Unani day’ on the 11th of February 2019 to raise awareness for the Unani branch of alternative medicine (alt-med) in India. heat ,cold, moistness and dryness. In view of the modern concept it will be seen that heat is positive thing and absence of heat is known as cold. Unani Herbal is the first modern Unani clinic which cares for the persnol health of the mankind in all respect specially for HIV/AIDS, Sex problem, Diabetes, Skin care, Piles and other diseases. ISBN 81-7436-052-2. These are as follows: ELEMENTS (Arkan Or Anasir) It has the largest number of Unani educational, research and health care institutions. Unani Medicine (Unani-tibb) also spelled as Yunani Medicine, is the other form of medicine. ), Avicenna and in fact all other followers belonging to mashayin became and cense quietly the Tibb was incarcerated in the dilemma of fours. The Unani system success period was between the 13 th-17 th centuries in India. The Unani System of Medicine has a long and impressive record in India. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Atoms combine in the different ways to yield monomers (amino acids, nucleotides, mono sugars) which are the building blocks of biological macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides) the constituents of humours (Akhlat). There are predictable consequences to the… This concept was widely accepted and Hippocrates (460-377 B.C. It was in 1913 that Hakim Ajmal Khan lit the torch of the united Ayurvedic and the Unani Systems of medicine. It is a very safe, efficacious Indian medicine for the relief of AIDS according to the degree & stage of affliction. The mixing and interaction of the arkan give rise to new compound and quality called temperament or Mizaj. Unanimedicine is an ancient form of medicine first developed by the Greeks in 460 BC. Concept of Development of Aza-e-mufridah in Unani System of Medicine According to Ibne Rushd, all Aza-e-mufirdah are formed of four Arkan i.e. The HOO-IMM PLUS (A, B, C, D, E) is an absolutely new, novel, pioneering and revolutionary concept from Unani Herbal to medical science. As per Unani, the human body is consisted of seven components: Element (Arkan), Temperament (Mizaj), Humors (Akhlat), Organs (Aaza), Spirits (Arwah), Faculties (Quwa) and Functions (Afaal). The six basic anasir (elements) O, C, H,N, P& S contribute 97.25%of total cell mass of the living organism and provides the structural element to the ratubat ghariziyah (protoplasm) The metallic elements Na,K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Se,Mo,F,Cl, I, Mn, Co, Fe, contribute 2.75% of the cell. Unani medicine originates from Greece and it means “Greek Medicine.” Unani medicine is founded on the teachings of Hippocrates who was a Greek physician. Unani medicine is based around the concepts of the four humors: Phlegm (Balgham), Blood (Dam), Yellow bile (Afra) and Black bile (Sauda).Unani system is based on the Hippocratic theory that a perfect balance of “Arkan” (elements), “Akhlata” (humors) and “Mizaj” (temperaments) helps the body and mind healthy. When Mongols attacked Persia and Central Asian countries, scholars and physicians of Unani medicine fled and brought this science to India. Unani System of Medicine describes the man to be made up of the following seven factors: Elements (Arkān): What man and the Universe, both biological and non-biological, including drugs are made up of. These principles include (1) arkan, or elements, (2) mizaj, or temperament, (3) akhlat, or bodily humours, (4) aaza, or organs and systems, (5) arwah, or vital spirit, (6) quwa, or faculties or powers, … It has the largest number of Unani educational, research and health care institutions. The entire concept of Unani system of medicine revolves around four humour theory of Hippocrates: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. They always assumed that Arkan (elements), Mizaj (temperament) and Akhlat (humor) that keeps the body and mind healthy. It then spread throughout the Roman empire by notable scientists such as Galen (201 AD). Heat and cold are considered Kayfiyat fa'llah (active qualities). Unani medicine refers to a tradition of Greeko-Arabic medicine which is based on the teachings of Greek physician Buqrat (Hip- pocrates; 460-377 BC) and Roman physician Jalinoos (Galen) and developed into an elaborate medical system by Arab and Persian physicians such as Al Razi (Rhazes), Avicenna (Ibne sina), Al Zahrawi and Ibn Nafis. The Unani or Greeco-Arabic system of medicine was introduced by Hippocrates. As the above concept of three states of matter could not get general acceptance, the theory of four elements was compounded. About nineteen arkan (elements) participate into the elementary composition of the human body. Unani and Herbal medicine system special elements that make human body Elements (Arkan or Anasir) In Unani Tibb,Umoor-e-Tabaiyah begins with the elements as it is the basic constituent of the human body. It took firm roots during 13th and 17th Page 4 … The Unani System of Medicine has a long and impressive record in India. Here ,we see that the Tibbi physicians start their study from atoms or element (Arkan) and not from a cell. Exponent of this concept. Today's world is full of such diseases which can be cured only through traditional Herbal Medicines. The Unani Medicine is one of the ancient medicines ever practiced in the world. Father of the medicine is the name given by the Hippocrates. solid , liquid and gas. Their balance is health while disbalance is a disease. Key words: Unani system of medicine, Al-Arkan, Anasir, Elemental theory, Origin and continuation of Life. water, air, earth and fire. From Greece, it spread to Arabia and then to entire Central Asia. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. It was introduced in India by the Arabs and Persians sometime around the eleventh century. It was introduced in India by the Arabs and Persians sometime during the eighth century. Based on the concept of balancing body humors. Unani medicine owes its origin to Greek and Egyptian medicine. The loss of any one of these components could lead even to death of the individual. Neither there is anything hot nor cold but one thing is colder or hotter in relation to another thing likewise, if there is excess of water in a thing , it is said bilfil (actually) moist and if there is less water in a thing it may be said as dry. Arkan (elements), mizaj (temperaments), aklath (humours), anza (organs), arawh (spirits), Quo (faculties) and afal (functions), each of which has close relation to the state of health of an individual. According to Unani system of medicine, each and every organ of the body is composed of four basic elements called “Arkan” having different qualities with respect to function of the organ. Blog; Events; info@medimaxhealthcare.com | +91-7533020757. Unsur (elements) or the atom is the lowest level of organization of the human body and other creations. 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