Those who lived nearer to Salem Town engaged in commerce and were seen as a bit more worldly. Sarah Wildes was my 8th great grandmother. Tried and found guilty within the course of a single day, Bishop was hanged a week later on 10 June, the first execution of the trials. Then say they were wrong. Native History & Indigenous Acknowledgement, The Journey from 1692 to Salems Modern Witch Community. Heavy stones were loaded onto the board and the weight was gradually increased until the prison either entered a plea or died. While sympathy, and certainly empathy, are always good things to have, its also important that we dont let emotions color the facts. Historians and sociologists have examined this most complex episode in our history so that we may understand the issues of that era and view subsequent events with heightened awareness. Those who were found guilty were pardoned by Governor Phips. Hi Sara, the last hangings of the Salem Witch Trials took place on September 22 and they include six women: Martha Corey, Mary Easty, Alice Parker, Ann Pudeator, Margaret Scott, Wilmot Redd and Mary Parker. Im just going to use Smithsonian, ARe you the editor/author of this site @Rebecca Beatrice Brooks, Hi Gigi, yes Im the editor/author of this site, thanks so much I needed that for my homework, Where can I get a copy of the Salem 1692 map that you posted? Another notable person who was accused of witchcraft was Captain John Alden Jr., the son of the Mayflower crew member John Alden. Thanks hopefully i get an A :). A witness testifies against an accused witch during one of the many witchcraft trials of the 1690s. thanks, mike turner, The 1692 Salem Village map can now be purchased on zazzle: http://www.zazzle.com/salem_village_map_poster-228789587972988887?rf=238784808055391622. She is the author of Daily Spellbook for the Good Witch, Wicca Practical Magic and The Daily Spell Journal. Boston, MA. Very interesting article; Im glad I came across it! Its entirely possible that much of the blame placed upon Tituba during the trials was based on her racial and social class. An elderly woman accused of witchcraft is taken to the courthouse by an officer of the law. The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 were a dark time in American history. They left an 11-year-old son, John Jr . A lot was changing in colonial America at the time. As a travel enthusiast, she makes sure she visits at least two new destinations each year and loves to share her knowledge with the readers of TheTravel. Great post, this helped a lot with my Witch Trials report for history class! Other factors included a recent small pox epidemic in the colony, growing rivalries between families within the colony, a constant threat of attack from nearby Native-American tribes, and a recent influx of refugees trying to escape King Williams war with France in Canada and New York. Or maybe it was the 1711 bill that cleared the names of the accused witches. Massachusetts Archives Collection, vol. There is no documentation of where she may have gone after the trials. He was later exonerated. The governor released the last few prisoners the following May. Web. The girls accusation was that Good had performed witchcraft on them. Only the intervention of Cotton Mather whonappeased the crowd with the observation that the devil had often been transformed into the Angel of Light ensured that the hangings continued as scheduled. According to USLegal.com, Spectral evidence refers to a witness testimony that the accused person's spirit or spectral shape appeared to him/her witness in a dream at the time the accused person's physical body was at another location. Nineteen were hanged, and oneelderly Giles Coreypressed to death. Massachusetts was an outpost of Gods chosen people in a hostile wilderness in the 17th century. Corey, a woman who, in her own words, had made a profession of Christ and rejoiced to go and hear the word of God, had drawn the attention of the prosecutors by offering the opinion that the accusers were just poor, distracted children. What source other than A Story of Witchcraft would you recommend to look up more information about the trials? Critics such as Proctor were quickly accused of witchcraft themselves, under the assumption that anyone who denied the existence of witches or defended the accused must be one of them, and were brought to trial. My fathers family have lived in this area for centuries. I was wondering if there was a written document or agreement signed that ended the trials. The English laws against witchcraft were repealed in 1736, after which incidents of suspected bewitchment, by now very isolated, were dealt with by mob rule rather than by a clear legal framework. Most of the accused really had nowhere else to go and many of them didnt have the money to leave even if they wanted to. However, in the more than three centuries since then, the historical waters have gotten a bit muddied, and many modern Pagans find themselves sympathetic towards Salems accused. Even poor animals were not safe and they could actually get accused and executed as well. in journalism. By the end of May, more than 60 people were in custody; the vast majority were women, but a handful of men were also detained. It was divided into two distinct and very different socioeconomic parts. When was this site last edited? Indeed, as Stacy Schiff explains in The Witches, her history of the witch trials, It would have been difficult to find more than a few souls to whom the supernatural was not eminently real, part and parcel of the culture, as was the devil himself. Found Guilty and Executed:Bridget Bishop (June 10, 1692)Sarah Good (July 19, 1692)Elizabeth Howe (July 19, 1692)Susannah Martin (July 19, 1692)Rebecca Nurse (July 19, 1692)Sarah Wildes (July 19, 1692)George Burroughs (August 19, 1692)Martha Carrier (August 19, 1692)John Willard (August 19, 1692)George Jacobs, Sr (August 19, 1692)John Proctor (August 19, 1692)Alice Parker (September 22, 1692)Mary Parker (September 22, 1692)Ann Pudeator (September 22, 1692)Wilmot Redd (September 22, 1692)Margaret Scott (September 22, 1692)Samuel Wardwell (September 22, 1692)Martha Corey (September 22, 1692)Mary Easty (September 22, 1692), Refused to enter a plea and tortured to death:Giles Corey (September 19th, 1692), Found Guilty and Pardoned:Elizabeth ProctorAbigail Faulkner SrMary PostSarah WardwellElizabeth Johnson JrDorcas Hoar, Pled Guilty and Pardoned:Rebecca EamesAbigail HobbsMary Lacy SrMary Osgood, Died in Prison:Sarah OsburnRoger ToothakerAnn FosterLydia Dustin, Escaped from Prison:John Alden Jr.Edward Bishop Jr.Sarah BishopMary BradburyWilliam Barker Sr.Andrew CarrierKatherine CaryPhillip EnglishMary EnglishEdward Farrington, Never Indicted:Sarah BassettMary BlackBethiah Carter, JrBethiah Carter, SrSarah CloyceElizabeth HartWilliam HobbsThomas Farrer, SrWilliam ProctorSarah ProctorSusannah RootsAnn SearsTituba, Evaded Arrest:George Jacobs JrDaniel Andrews. thank u. Is this a homework question? 9, 17181718, Chap. More than 200 people were a.. Read the article free on Booksie. The Absolutely True Tale of Disaster in Salem by Rosalyn Schnauzer. Due to overcrowding in the jails, the accused witches were kept in multiple jails in Salem town, Ipswich and Boston. hope you in joy it was really helpful to my students and i, Thankyou this helpedme a lot for my 3 page essay in english 11 class. Hi Maria, I dont have a version number for this site. During that time, 19 people were hanged and one person was pressed to death. Often, in movies and television and books, the accusers in the Salem trials are portrayed as angsty teenage girls, but thats not completely true. We judge that, in the prosecution of these and all such witchcrafts, there is need of a very critical and exquisite caution, lest by too much credulity for things received only upon the Devil's authority, there be a door opened for a long train of miserable consequences, and Satan get an advantage over us; for we should not be ignorant of his devices. They were part of a long story of witch hunts that began in Europe in the 14th century. King William's War (war in the America colonies against the French) ended with many people having to be relocated so there were many strangers moving into town. The story is about Susannah English, daughter of accused witches Phillip and Mary English and friend of Ann Putnam, Jr. Salem Village was populated mostly by poor farmers, and Salem Town was a prosperous port full of middle-class and wealthy merchants. Some (incredibly mean) people devoted their time to making a science out of witchcraft. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. Smithsonian Magazine, Smithsonian Institute, 23 Oct. 2007, www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-brief-history-of-the-salem-witch-trials-175162489/. The political instability and threat to their religion created a feeling of uneasiness and discontent in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The court didnt believe them, and found all three women guilty of practicing witchcraft. Hi RebeccaI saw that you have a lot of knowledge about Mary EastyI was told this year at a funeral that I am a direct decendent of hersI live in Salem and My Grandfather was name William Esteydo you by any chance have any history of the family tree? Nige Tassell is a freelance journalist specialising in history, This content first appeared in the January 2016 issue of BBC History Revealed, Save up to 49% AND your choice of gift card worth 10* when you subscribe BBC History Magazine or BBC History Revealed PLUS! In April, more women were accused, as well as a number of men:Sarah CloyceElizabeth ProctorJohn ProctorGiles CoreyAbigail HobbsDeliverance HobbsWilliam HobbsMary WarrenBridget BishopSarah WildesNehemiah Abbott Jr.Mary EastyEdward BishopSarah BishopMary EnglishPhillip EnglishReverend George BurroughsLydia DustinSusannah MartinDorcas HoarSarah Morey. Brooks, Rebecca Beatrice. I need to cite this for my reference sheet. 143159, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 02:44. The first case brought before the grand jury was that of Bridget Bishop, a woman around the age of 60 who faced a plethora of accusations: that she could pass through doors and windows without opening them; that she had made holes in the road suddenly open up, into which carts would fall before the holes would instantly disappear; that she had summoned a black pig with the body of a monkey and the feet of a cockerel. I need a bibliography for my class report. In 1711, the colony passed a bill restoring some of the names of the convicted witches and paid a total of 600 in restitution to their heirs. If you want to learn more about the Salem Witch Trials, check out this article on the best Salem Witch Trials books. The proclamation suggested that there should be: observed a Day of Prayer with Fasting throughout the ProvinceSo that all Gods people may put away that which hath stirred Gods Holy jealousy against his land; that he wouldhelp us wherein we have done amiss to do so no more; and especially that whatever mistakes on either hand have fallen intoreferring to the late tragedy, raised among us by Satan and his instruments, through the awful judgement of God, he would humble us therefore and pardon all the errors and people that desire to love his name. The Salem Witch Trials are a dark stain on American history and on the history of Christianity. In addition to this constant sense of fear, Salem residents were also under a great deal of stress during this period due to a number of factors. On May 27, 1692, after weeks of informal hearings accompanied by imprisonments, Sir William Phips (also spelled Phipps), the governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, interceded and ordered the convening of an official Court of Oyer ("to hear") and Terminer ("to decide") in Salem Town. Ever since those dark days ended, the trials have become synonymous with mass hysteria and scapegoating. Women were not the only ones believed to be witchesmen and children were accused too. The Salem jail was located at the corner of Federal Street and St. Peter Street. How could so many people believe the afflicted girls without no real evidence. With a 1562 act now permitting the death penalty for acts of witchcraft, they were hanged. During the trial, Tituba confessed to having seen the devil and also stated that there was a coven, or group, of witches in the Salem Village area. Q&A: Were ducking stools ever used as punishment for crimes other than witchcraft during the Middle Ages. Although the witch hunt started in Salem Village, it quickly spread to the neighboring towns, including Amesbury, Andover, Salisbury, Topsfield, Ipswich and Gloucester, and numerous residents of those towns were brought to Salem and put on trial. A Reply. Another five were executed exactly a month later on 19 August, four of whom were men. This is like the only website i found most helpful on Salem Witch Trial. He is recorded to have recited a prayer uttered with such composedness from many, so that it seemed to some that the spectators would hinder the execution. Pre-trial examinations were held at the Salem Village meetinghouse, in Reverend Samuel Parris house in Salem Village, in Ingersoll Tavern at Salem Village and in Beadles Tavern in Salem Town. Yet another crucial moment during the Salem Witch Trials was the public torture and death of Giles Corey. Witchcraft had been made illegal during Henry VIIIs reign, with subsequent legislation passed under Elizabeth I further outlawing conjurations and enchantments. In pre-echoes of what would later occur in Salem, panic took hold of the local community, with accusations flying in all directions. No one was burned at the stake in the Salem witch trials. We cannot but, with all thankfulness, acknowledge the success which the merciful God has given unto the sedulous and assiduous endeavours of our honourable rulers, to detect the abominable witchcrafts which have been committed in the country, humbly praying, that the discovery of those mysterious and mischievous wickednesses may be perfected. If these individuals had never written these books or helped record the proceedings, we wouldnt know half of what we know about the witch trials. Now that spectral evidence was not allowed, most of the remaining prisoners were found not guilty or released due to a lack of real evidence. TDR / The Drama Review, 2018, Vol. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFRobinson2001 (. During Titubas examination, she made a shocking confession that she had been approached by Satan, along with Sarah Good and Sarah Osburn, and they had all agreed to do his bidding as witches. Wigington, Patti. "The Salem Witchcraft Trials: A Legal History". The hysterical behaviour was an unconscious outlet for rebellion, a release valve for the pressure that the threat of eternal damnation put them under. Heinrich Kramer wrote a whole book on why witches should be all exterminated and how to do that. In addition to official court records there are also several books written by the ministers and other people involved in the trials: A Brief and True Narrative of Some Remarkable Passages Relating to Sundry Persons Afflicted by Witchcraft, at Salem Village: Which happened from the Nineteenth of March, to the Fifth of April, 1692 by Deodat Lawson circa 1692 The Wonders of the Invisible World: Being an Account of the Tryals of Several Witches Lately Executed in New-England by Cotton Mather circa 1692 More Wonders of the Invisible World by Robert Calef circa 1700 A Modest Enquiry Into the Nature of Witchcraft by John Hale circa 1702. One person was pressed to death, and over 150 others were jailed, where still others died. 126. I see that you told someone quite a while ago but I dont think that is up to date. Proctor told them about the torture inflicted on the accused and asked that the trials be moved to Boston where he felt he would get a fair trial. They were said to have helped witches and were referred to as their familiars. As sleet and snow heaped higher outside their door, Betty Parris and her cousin Abigail began to twitch and twist their bodies into strange shapes, speaking in words that made no sense. The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology. Text adapted from the National Geographic book Witches! Upon hearing about the Parris girls behavior, much of the Puritan community agreed that the duo had been victims of witchcraft. Local clergymen began speaking out against the witch hunt and tried to persuade officials to stop the trials. By pointing the finger at others, they were able to shift the blame and spare their own lives. Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/facts-about-the-salem-trials-2562897. No one cared about minorities or "loners" anyway. How twisted is that? It is sad where the mind-set was back then. Hi Sarah, Let me know if you are related to story too. Although spectral evidence, evidence based on dreams and visions, wasnt the only evidence used in court during the Salem Witch Trails, it was the most common evidence and the easiest evidence for accusers to fake. Wigington, Patti. This series of prosecutions and hangings of those accused of practicing witchcraft provoked a major backlash, and the event still haunts us today. One of them, George Burroughs, protested his innocence as the noose was readied. Smithsonia, 8 Sept. 2013. As if the class and religious differences werent bad enough, Salem was in an area that was under regular attack from Native American tribes. By now, seven months on from the arrest of Sarah Good, the hysteria was decelerating. [State v. Dustin, 122 N.H. 544, 551 (N.H. Since the witch trials ended, the colony also began to suffer many misfortunes such as droughts, crop failures, smallpox outbreaks and Native-American attacks and many began to wonder if God was punishing them for their mistake.
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